Hi Prova,
Well the 16" has an 77% greater light grasp than the 12"
This of course doesn't mean that the 12" is shabby in it's performance.

The images the 12" shows in all areas is very detailed, the advantage the 16" has is greater detail still.
The "down" part of the 16" versus 12" is that the 16" is nearly double the weight and also the extra bulk of the base. Also to achieve the best images a Paracorr may be necessary (F4.5)
Depending on your height, it may be necessary to use a small step ladder for near zenith views.
The final difference is the price: 16" $2695, 12" $1499.
If the "negatives" don't bother you, go for the 16"

Either way take your time to way up the differences
BEFORE you part with your money.