I started out by scanning the milky way with binoculars, then if I saw any brighter patches or basically anything interesting, I would point the scope to it. You can do the same thing with the finderscope on your dob as its big enough to detect many of the brighter DSO's
Try scanning the milky way areas between scorpios tail and the horizon, theres a number of nice nebula and globular clusters to see
As for how long to observe any particular object, I would say not less than 30 seconds. It can take that long (sometimes more) for the eye to see all there is to see.
Train your eye to look slowly all around the field of view while being aware that very faint objects can appear when looking away from them, and can dissapear again when looking directly at them. This is what we call
averted vision. This is to do with the distribution of cells in the retina. Those away from the centre of vision are more sensitive to faint light.