Today, the 15th of November, marks the 267th anniversary of the birth of Wilhelm Herschel in 1738.
Adopting the anglizised William, he was the forrunner of today's amateur, building large al-azimuth telescopes and surveying the deep sky. Prior to William, astronomy was mired in astrology, and the sky was seen merely as a backdrop to the movements of the planets. His most famous discovery was Uranus, but he catalogued many deep sky objects and hypothesied about the nature of the milky way galaxy. His son John catalogued the southern sky from Cape Town.
http://www.seds.org/messier/xtra/Bios/wherschel.html
http://star.arm.ac.uk/history/herschel.html
http://www.bath-preservation-trust.o...eums/herschel/
http://www.seds.org/messier/xtra/similar/herschel.html
http://www.williamherschel.org.uk/