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  #21  
Old 20-04-2022, 11:48 AM
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sheeny (Al)
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Here is a summary of how I interpret the infrasound signals of meteors. Consider it like any hypothesis - it's the best I have till it's disproved.


Al.
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Last edited by sheeny; 10-05-2022 at 12:55 PM. Reason: typo
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  #22  
Old 23-04-2022, 10:39 AM
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Stumbled on this example of a two particle negative phase (entry to atmosphere past the observer) meteor while browse the helicorder looking for interesting signals.


Al.
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  #23  
Old 24-04-2022, 02:28 PM
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graham.hobart (Graham stevens)
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infrasound

Hi Sheeny, this is an interesting thread and one close to my heart having some raspberry pi seismometers and a home built meteor cam based on the GMN ones. Would be great to chat via email for more info.
My gmail is
grashie69@gmail.com
cheers graham
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  #24  
Old 07-05-2022, 12:00 PM
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Back from a week away, I decided to do a little infrasound survey on last night's data to see if i could detect a change in the rate of meteors after eta Aqu rose. Looks to have detected the change, though obviously not all meteors that would have been visible were detected and identified by infrasound.


To do the survey, I set up a 0.5 to 10 Hz bandpass filter and scanned the helicorder about 15 to 20 minutes at a time looking for sharp spikes that are balanced above and below zero. I noted the minute these occurred then came back later to zoom in to the wave form and check that it is an N wave (or multiple), check it's not a seismic triggered event and to classify the meteor type. No analysis of the meteor signal was done to split component particles if any were evident.


I need to set the camera up for some star trails and capture some meteor images to correlate to the infrasound.


Al.
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Last edited by sheeny; 07-05-2022 at 12:06 PM. Reason: Afterthought
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  #25  
Old 08-05-2022, 08:13 AM
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sheeny (Al)
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Image to Infrasound Correlation

With the eta Aquarid shower in progress I decided to get up early this morning and shoot some meteors in a timelapse and use the time from each photo identify the corresponding infrasound signal.


Sounds simple in a statement like that.


It turned out more difficult than expected, and partly due to some rookie mistakes.


When I first hatched the idea of using timelapse images to time the meteors, I envisaged the camera pointing to the zenith. Intuitively I knew that was the best place for it because that's where the meteors will be closest.


However, it's the eta Aquarids... so I pointed the camera at the radiant and didn't think about it enough.


Next time... at the zenith!


Not capturing at the zenith increases the distance to the captured meteor. This does a couple of things:
  1. it decreases the signal strength;
  2. it increases the sound travel time, and so increases the timing errors.
The session was successful in that I learned what to do next time. It was not very successful for correlating the meteor images to the infrasound however. The signals were too faint, so mired in noise if detectable at all, and the compound errors from estimating expected heights of meteors and angle of elevation meant it was not possible to clearly identify a single signal that corresponded to the image.


It was also the first time I shot a timelapse with this camera and used the in camera timelapse function rather than my old interval timer dongle. Not being familiar meant the interval between shots was longer than intended. I thought I set 1s between shots but it ended up much longer, so with 15s exposures about 50% of time was missed. I only realised how much by comparing the gap in a satellite trail between shots. Noise reduction was turned off so that wasn't the culprit.



Attached are my calcs and notes. I didn't get as many shots as I intended as the clouds rolled in, but it was better than nothing.


Al.
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Last edited by sheeny; 08-05-2022 at 08:20 AM. Reason: afterthought
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  #26  
Old 10-05-2022, 11:48 AM
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Another Complex Meteor

Too cloudy to try to correlate photos to infrasound again this morning, so had a look through the data and found this one that looked interesting.


Resolved it to 3 particles but I suspect there's possible 4 in it, but the final particle signal was pretty weak, so maybe it was real or maybe not.


Al.
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  #27  
Old 10-07-2022, 07:37 AM
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SpaceX Crew-1 Dragon Trunk Re-Entry

The SpaceX Crew-1 Dragon Trunk, jettisoned just before the de-orbit burn in May 2021 re-entered the atmosphere over southern NSW and Victoria yesterday.


EarthquakesGA received multiple "felt" reports for an earthquake from Cooma, Albury and Wagga Wagga around 7:10am, but no earthquake was detected.


This was the first I'd heard about it, so if it wasn't an earthquake people were feeling, it must be infrasound. I checked the RSnB and confirmed no earthquake then looked at the helicorder of the infrasound trace for anything unusual or obviously not local.


The detected signal (below) was received at 7:23am. 13 minutes travel time at the speed of sound correlates to 270kms distance which is right in the middle of a triangle formed by Albury, Wagga and Cooma.


I posted results on the Australian Meteor Reports Facebook Page and from reports there found it was the SpaceX Crew-1 Trunk re-entry at 7:05am heading SE from near Balranald, past Euroa and Bendigo.


Given the event time of 7:05am and detection at 7:23am the detection distance was 370km.


The multiple reports on Australian Meteor Reports FB page are worth reading to get a picture of what people heard, felt and saw.


Interestingly, from a technical point of view, the Dominant Signal Period (DSP) was 0.5s, with only one period obviously larger at 0.6s which may be due to tumbling.

Al.
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Last edited by sheeny; 11-07-2022 at 08:04 AM. Reason: typo
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  #28  
Old 11-08-2022, 03:08 PM
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After playing about with this for five months now, I think it's worth adding some comments based on the experience so far.


Detection of meteors via infrasound is possible and practical, but the rates of detection are far lower than visual observation or photographic methods. The problem is that small meteors (say the size of grain of sand) produce only very small infrasound signals which are often attenuated before reaching the detector (Raspberry Boom or Shake and Boom).


The best chance of detection is for meteors at zenith, where the distance to the detector is minimal (50 to 100kms).


Obviously large and fast meteors are easier to detect as they make louder sonic booms on entry to the atmosphere.


The advantage of infrasound detection is it can still take place when visibility is limited, such as during daylight especially and to a lesser extent when cloudy. The reason infrasound is less effective when cloudy is the small water droplets that make up the clouds absorb the sound of the meteor in the same way as the water sprays used beneath a rocket absorb dangerous sound waves rocket. Even humidity increases sound attenuation.


Another advantage of infrasound detection is that for large bolides, and re-entering space junk, detection is possible at large distances - perhaps well beyond what's possible visually or photographically. For example, the detection of the SpaceX Dragon Trunk Re-entry in the previous post.


Unfortunately, rain and wind also produce a lot of infrasound so again the ability to detect meteors in these conditions is reduced as well.


Al.
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