Mars has a radius of around 3000km, about half that of the Earth. So Earth would appear around twice the size that Mars does to us through a comparable telescope.
You would have the problem on Mars that on closest approach the Earth would be in line with the Sun, so you would not be able to observe it. You would have to wait for a transit of Earth to see the Earth silhouetted against the Sun to see it at its largest.
It would appear as a morning and evening 'star' much the same as Venus does to us, so you would never see it directly overhead. I expect you would have slightly better seeing than from Earth as the atmosphere is thinner. Hard to say what kind of details you would see on the surface, photos from space probes show definite blue and white detail, so I expect you would be able to see some.
Your real problem would be downloading RegiStax to process your images, as the bandwidth to Earth is shocking. And don't even think about uploading the fruits of your labours to this forum over Martian ADSL.
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