The Red One can record 4500x1875 at 29.97 fps, 3000x1687 at 59.94 fps, or 1125x2000 at 120 fps in 12-bit RAW format.
http://www.red.com/products/red-one
The Phantom HD Gold can record up to 1920x1080 at 1000 fps or 1280x720 at 1500 fps in up to 14-bit depth.
http://www.visionresearch.com/produc...hantom-hdgold/
I've also heard of scientific cameras that can record at up to 100,000 fps (though one might think that there aren't enough photons coming from the planets to seriously image at those speeds).