They think it's a malfunctioning ICBM launch that did this. That may be caused by ionisation of the exhaust plume of the rocket, if the rocket has gone into a spiralling, tumbling out of control crash. The magnetic fields in the Ionosphere would allow the plume to keep that shape for awhile, apart from helping to give it that structure.
Or, more than likely, it's Russia's version of HAARP
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