Don't worry about going blind. The Moon is no brighter at night than during the day. If you observed it in daylight you would not think it was blinding. It is just the contrast between the night sky and the Moon that gets you.
Filters are better than aperture masks. The latter robs your scope of resolution so you will not be able to see fine detail that you could without it. Neutral density filters are good and inexpensive (they come in several different shades), or crossed polarisers that Rob suggested.
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