In regards to cooled CMOS cameras, Hot , Cold and Uneven pixels are only completely removed in the stacking process if you calibrate your data correctly with the full Calibration Suite , irrespective of the type of stacking software you use ( DSS included)
Darks to calibrate your Lights ( same Temperature, Gain and Exposure )
Flat Darks ( not Bias ) to calibrate your Flats ( same Temperature, Gain and Exposure )
Bias will calibrate your Flats but not on every camera ( Flat Darks are the Gold Standard ) I shifted from Bias to Flat Darks 6 months ago even though Bias worked ok with my ZWO 2600MC and ZWO 2600MM.
A lot of folk don’t use Flats but again ask any stacking software developer or advanced astrophotographer and they will agree that indeed they improve your images.
I totally concur
Cheers
Martin
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