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Hello Matt,
Here are my thoughts...
Ive worked on the amount of time you spend, combined, on you colour filters, spend the same on your luminance.
Note, if you capture your colour data at the same resolution as your luminance, you can use the individual colour frames to go towards you luminance data.
As for the ratio of RGB, I think this comes down to the amount of light each filter lets through, the particular target, and the colour response of your chip. Get your RGB weights using whichever method you choose, and combine them using equal exposures with varying weights or varying exposures with equal weights. To get similar S/N between colour filters, add more exposures of a particular colour if all equal exposures... and visa versa.
The duration of the luminance is very target specific, it depends if you want to capture a wide range of brightness and if the target has a wide range of brightness scales. Generally you cant avoid over exposing at least a few very bright stars, but try to avoid blowing out the cores of galaxies and bright nebula. Remember, colours will be more vibrant if kept to no more that 2/3 of the grayscale values.
Joshua
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