I use DXO Photolab 5 Elite in combination with Lightroom 6 and Affinity Photo. All perpetual licences with no subscription. Lightroom 6 no longer has updates unless you subscribe but it does what I want it to do (catalog) and DXO does the main raw editing including camera and lens profiles and a lot of other editing techniques but no layers. Affinity I bought purely for the spot healing brush (similar to photoshop) but it has layers and no subscription.
I was on Lightroom/Photoshop subscription for about 6 months and I felt I was just throwing money away each month as I wasn’t really using it much. However I have updated DXO from 2 to 5 (skipped 3) over the years but if you do this at their Black Friday sales you save quite a bit. I have also invested in their Nik Collection and Filmpack and Viewpoint add ons, all non-subscription and the current versions will do fine for a while on the old 1st gen. i7 that I have.
I recently bought DXO PureRaw which I didn’t need having the DXO Photolab Elite version but it does batch RAW conversion to DNG (with or without camera/lens profiles) and does have DeepPRIME noise reduction (as does Elite) which is superb but only works with RAW from cameras tested by DXO, (most on the market including new Fuji offerings but not Pentax K100D Super which annoyed me a bit as this was the first DSLR I ever got and if any camera needs noise reduction it is this one (at low light levels)). I use Canon now.
Have I spent less on the above than a subscription model of Lightroom/Photoshop only over the same number of years? Maybe, maybe not. I do now have a number of applications that will serve me well on the platform I have and I do not need to upgrade any further unless I feel a new feature would make it worth it and only then when on sale. See
https://www.dxo.com/
Disclaimer. I am not really into astrophotography or image processing in general and will go through periods where I dabble with some image processing and then don’t touch it for a while. This is why I don’t like subscription model software as I feel pressured to use it to justify the ongoing cost. I bought the perpetual license software when on sale (usually 40% off), same with upgrades. The software I have now has every tool and feature I will ever need (I think/hope).