As for using an eyepiece, the general rule is to approach the eyepiece until you can *just* see the edge of the field stop with your peripheral vision.
Then you stop and do not get closer to the eyepiece than that. If you do, some of the light will be intercepted by the iris of your eye and you will see the edges of the field black out.
So if you start seeing blackouts, back up just a trace and they will go away.
With a really wide field, you'll roll your head over to the side to look directly at the edge of the field. This keeps your eye's pupil in the same location as the exit pupil of the eyepiece, but allows you to look at the edge of the field with direct vision.
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