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Hi Tyrone,
Shorts answer are:
1: No
2: Yes
3: Yes, with the right equipment.
To clarify further.
1: Galaxies are normally very dim objects and even with large scopes colour can be hard to define. M42, the Great Nebula in Orion has been said to show some pink and green but you would need to be using something along the size of a 10" f5 newt to see it. And some practice.
2: To collect enough photons for those fabulous pix you see posted aggregated exposures of several hours or more are quite often needed. I am using a DSLR camera and some software which allows me to take multiple long exposures ( several minutes each ) and then stacking those images to collect all the photons onto one digital image. It also requires accurate tracking and guiding to get good quality images in the first place. You start to see why astrophotgraphy is called the long slippery slope and your credit never fully recovers.
3: Using the above method basically I have captured images successfully and I am only about 8km from our CBD so outer suburbia should be possible. It depends on a lot of other factors like local street lighting and atmospheric disturbances but it can be done and there are multiple methods that can overcome problems. That is not to say that the multiple methods can introduce their own multiple problems.
A few galaxies are scope visual with a big scope. They will be dim and not show colour. Sculptor and Sombrero are possible with good dark adaptation in a 10". Dark skies would make them a lot easier, Sculptor is near zenith about 10 pm at present.
Binoculars (10 x 50 or so) will find the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Large Magellanic Cloud. These are both satellite galaxies of the Milky Way but visually just appear as dense clouds of stars with no defined shape.
NGC 2070, the Tarantula nebula is in the LMC and is visible in good skies with binoculars.
47 Tucana is a huge globular ( very pretty ) near the SMC and is also bino visible.
Both the SMC and LMC are close to the South Celestial Pole and visible most of the year.
I suggest you get Stellarium onto your PC ( free to download ) and start exploring. It will show you where they are for your location and what to look for.
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