This effect sounds similar to the boost the low energy CMB photons get from higher energy electrons with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect.
Polarization is one of the flow-on effects as a result of such collisions.
I guess a collision with a graviton, (of zero mass), would result in a much smaller degree of photon polarisation, eh ?
(Might have to read their paper to understand what they reckon might be going on).
Cheers