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They just look like dust spots to me, are you using a DSLR lens? It may be dust on the rear element of the lens. Though it looks like the main image might be out of focus too.
It is not unusual to still see stars in the shadows of dust motes. Try shooting some flats (Properly or not) and you will probably see the shadow of dust quite clearly. As a quick setup, just use the ISO setting you normally use on the camera, pointed at a white surface like a ceiling, start with the shortest exposure your camera will give and slowly work your way up until you start to see the image brighten a little, at that point you will probably be able to see the dust motes quite clearly.
To process them out of your actual image, proper flats (That test above is just a quick and rough way to prove they are dust spots) will generally get rid of them quite nicely. But you need to shoot new flats at least any time you remove the lens, or if any dust shows up that is not processing out, or really preferably, every time you shoot data and keep the flats with the data so you don't have to work out which flats for which lights six months down the track when you feel like having another go at processing.
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