Here is another link:
http://www.dpreview.com/forums/post/53054826
Per his measurements the QE is much higher.
There is no way most DSLRs QE is under 10%. Use a Nikon D800e or a Sony A7r in pitch dark at ISO6400 and you'll se plenty of image.
Also the DSLRs images here posted. For example those nice images from the Pentax K5 that's been modded. If it were only 8% QE then he'd no way get that much of the Helix nebula in that amount of exposure time.
Also the Bayer array definitely absorbs light, for sure, but not that much. Also some sensors are coming out with higher transmission colour filter arrays. There are a few models with that already.
Plus Bayer matrix is interpolated so that adds some sensitivity with nearby neighbour pixels being interpolated its kind of similar to binning (its not but it must add to the QE).
I have also imaged with an STL11 which was one shot color so this was much the same as a DSLR CMOS sensor. It was definitely less QE than the mono but not 1/4 more like half or 60%. Kodak lists the QE of their one shot colour CCDs. These mostly have Bayers, some have Trusense which is an PRGB matrix. Normal Bayers are around 20-30% with the larger pixel size generally higher in the range.
The latest Sony A7rii sensor for example is backside illuminated with the pixels close to the surface. The QE on that will be particularly high. It also uses thicker copper wiring for 3.5X faster readout. That camera is likely to be the highest QE of any except perhaps the Aony A7s which must be right up there as ISO102K shots are workable.
Greg.