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almost all 16 bit cameras generally only have 11-12 bits of real information - the bottom 4-5 bits are dominated by read noise, so are useless. 16 bit files from the ASI1600 have the bottom 4 bits full of zeros - I guess they could have put noise in there, which would have been equally useless. They have not lost any real signal by using 12 bits. Some CMOS chips are going over to 14 bits (quite possibly for marketing purposes?), but they are not yet available in mono cooled cameras.
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